Eli Lilly Pharma Company dropped Air Insulin (inhaled form) phase 3 clinical trials. Pfizer dropped its inhaled insulin “Exubera” in 2007 due to its potential side effects on lung function. Novo Nordisk halted its inhaled insulin droplets drug, AERx, in January. Eli Lilly conducted "Air Insulin" clinical trials in partnership with biotechnology company "Alkermes". Even though Air Insulin had not shown any potential side effects in the clinical trials, Eli Lilly dropped this inhaler form due to lack of commercial viability, reluctance of doctors and potential regulation problems. Diabetics’ hopes for inhaler form were finally ended with Eli Lilly’s decision. They need to depend on injection form for some more time. But, Mankind is committed to continue its trials on Technosphere Insulin inhaler. Mankind is conducting phase 3 clinical trials on 2,050 patients. No significant side effects are reported till date. Click here to know more about "Air Insulin". … [Read more...]
A-Z about Insulin
Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most common lifestyle disease affecting millions of people all over the world. Luckily, mankind has got the wonder drug “Insulin” in their hands to protect themselves from that ailment. Now the diabetic patients can lead normal life safely and happily. But many patients have many misconceptions about insulin. So, detailed information about insulin is given below, to remove those wrong notions. The pancreatic gland in our body is constantly producing the hormone “insulin’, depending upon the demands of the body at various timings during the day. If the production of insulin is less or its efficacy of action is imperfect, the person develops diabetes. The Mechanism of Insulin production in the body: The food taken by us is digested and converts into glucose and enters the blood stream. Every cell in the body utilizes the glucose as energy for its normal function. But for the utilization of glucose by the cells, sufficient insulin should be present in the body. One way insulin acts as a “key’’. So first of all, Insulin should open the door of the cell and then glucose enters the cell. Otherwise glucose goes on accumulating in the blood and diabetes occurs in the body. So insulin plays a key role. Discovery of Insulin: Insulin was first discovered in the year 1920 by two scientists, Banting and Best, from the pancreatic gland of the dog. Later on insulin is prepared pig’s pancreatic gland and was used in the humans. But some persons raised objection to use insulin prepared from the pigs. Afterwards, insulin was prepared from the beef (buffaloes) and was in use up to 1980. But it was giving lot of troubles to the patients. Thereafter human insulin came into existence. It was prepared by keeping the human ‘DNA’ in the Ecolab bacteria. The insulin thus produced is almost like human insulin in all aspects. Later on human insulin has been produced by keeping the human DNA in the fungi, grown on the bread pieces. Presently this type of insulin is in use and is considered as the boon to the diabetic patients. Indications for Insuln use: Insulin is best being given to the following type of diabetic patients, through out their life. 1. Patients above the age of 70 years. 2. Patients suffering from diabetes for more tan 10 years. 3. If blood sugar level is more than250mg/100ml of blood on the empty stomach (without taking any thing), before breakfast. 4. If more than 500 mg level at any time during the day. 5. HbA1c (Glycosylated hemoglobin) is done once in 3months and if it is more than 10. (For these type of patients insulin has to given for 3months, afterwards oral medication is sufficient). 6. Triglyceride levels are more than 600 mg/1ooml of blood. (It is enough if insulin is given for 3months). 7. If micro albumin in urine is more than 20 mg. 8. Diabetic patients having heart problems, found in ECG testing. 9. Chest infections diagnosed on x-ray. 10. Finding retinal changes (retinopathy) in the eyes. 11. Any other serious diseases present in the body. Note: Type-1 Diabetic patients (juvenile variety) have to take insulin through out their life. If pregnant women develop diabetes, they have to take insulin until the completion of delivery. Insulin saved millions of lives in the past 80 years. Insulin is really a wonder drug. … [Read more...]
When to take Insulin?
Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most common lifestyle disease affecting millions of people all over the world. Luckily, mankind has got the wonder drug “Insulin” in their hands to protect themselves from that ailment. Now the diabetic patients can lead normal life safely and happily. But many patients have many misconceptions about insulin. So, detailed information about insulin is given below, to remove those wrong notions. The pancreatic gland in our body is constantly producing the hormone “insulin’, depending upon the demands of the body at various timings during the day. If the production of insulin is less or its efficacy of action is imperfect, the person develops diabetes. The Mechanism of Insulin production in the body: The food taken by us is digested and converts into glucose and enters the blood stream. Every cell in the body utilizes the glucose as energy for its normal function. But for the utilization of glucose by the cells, sufficient insulin should be present in the body. One way insulin acts as a “key’’. So first of all, Insulin should open the door of the cell and then glucose enters the cell. Otherwise glucose goes on accumulating in the blood and diabetes occurs in the body. So insulin plays a key role. Discovery of Insulin: Insulin was first discovered in the year 1920 by two scientists, Banting and Best, from the pancreatic gland of the dog. Later on insulin is prepared pig’s pancreatic gland and was used in the humans. But some persons raised objection to use insulin prepared from the pigs. Afterwards, insulin was prepared from the beef (buffaloes) and was in use up to 1980. But it was giving lot of troubles to the patients. Thereafter human insulin came into existence. It was prepared by keeping the human ‘DNA’ in the Ecolab bacteria. The insulin thus produced is almost like human insulin in all aspects. Later on human insulin has been produced by keeping the human DNA in the fungi, grown on the bread pieces. Presently this type of insulin is in use and is considered as the boon to the diabetic patients. Indications for Insuln use: Insulin is best being given to the following type of diabetic patients, through out their life. 1. Patients above the age of 70 years. 2. Patients suffering from diabetes for more tan 10 years. 3. If blood sugar level is more than250mg/100ml of blood on the empty stomach (without taking any thing), before breakfast. 4. If more than 500 mg level at any time during the day. 5. HbA1c (Glycosylated hemoglobin) is done once in 3months and if it is more than 10. (For these type of patients insulin has to given for 3months, afterwards oral medication is sufficient). 6. Triglyceride levels are more than 600 mg/1ooml of blood. (It is enough if insulin is given for 3months). 7. If micro albumin in urine is more than 20 mg. 8. Diabetic patients having heart problems, found in ECG testing. 9. Chest infections diagnosed on x-ray. 10. Finding retinal changes (retinopathy) in the eyes. 11. Any other serious diseases present in the body. Note: Type-1 Diabetic patients (juvenile variety) have to take insulin through out their life. If pregnant women develop diabetes, they have to take insulin until the completion of delivery. Insulin saved millions of lives in the past 80 years. Insulin is really a wonder drug. … [Read more...]
Blood pressure drugs protect diabetic hearts
According to new research reports, Diuretic and Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE) combination protect diabetic patients from heart diseases. This combination drug therapy reduces heart disease risk by 18%. Researchers used ACE Inhibitor (Perindopril, 2mg) and Diuretic (Indapamide, 0.625 mg) in the research studies. This therapy reduces risk from both macro vascular and micro vascular complications. This study was presented at the European Society of Cardiology Congress 2007 in Vienna. Diabetes and heart failure: Over the course of the four years, the researchers found that people with the combined therapy had an average reduction in systolic blood pressure of 5-6 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure of 2 mm Hg compared with the placebo group. People who got the combined therapy were 9 percent less likely to have a heart disease event, such as stroke or heart attack, over the treatment period. They were also 18 percent less likely to die from heart disease and 14 percent less likely to die from any cause. By 2030, an estimated 350 million people will be living with diabetes worldwide. Heart disease kills two out of three people with diabetes, who are at increased risk of stroke, heart attacks and related conditions such as degenerative eye disease. Heart diseases are the most common cause of death in diabetics followed by Kidney diseases. Diabetes is frequently associated with Blood pressure, Obesity and high serum cholesterol levels. According to recent surveys in Europe, 30-40% of heart failure patients have diabetes. Diabetes worsens the prognosis and complicates the management of heart failure. Mortality is more in heart failure patients with diabetes especially in women. Best Treatment: 1. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and Angiotensin receptor antagonists are most preferred treatment in these patients. 2. Coronary artery bypass in patients with multi-vessel coronary disease is considered to be preferable to catheter interventions with regard to long term outcome. 3. Control of Diabetes with Insulin saves patient from cardio-vascular diseases. 4. Rosiglitazone has negative impact on heart even though it is a good diabetic drug. It increases the rate of occurrence of Myocardial Infarction and Heart failure by fluid retention. 5. Weight reduction, physical exercise and reduction of cholesterol level are best treatment to reduce future cardio vascular complications in diabetic patients. … [Read more...]
Types of Insulin and some facts
The pancreatic gland secretes approximately 24- 40 units of insulin per day, which are sufficient to our body needs (Otherwise, we have to give 2-3 times more amount of insulin from outside to the body needs). But the demands of insulin required by the body vary time to time in the body in the 24 hours. Insulin is generally taken in injection form through syringes or pumps. Inhaled form is also available in developed countries. The pancreatic gland estimates from time to time, and secretes the actual amount of insulin required by the body, for that time and situation, i.e. sometimes more and sometimes less amount of insulin. For example: 1. From 1 AM to 7 AM, our body is very active attending to the needs of the several of the body (metabolic activity is high), so the demand for insulin is also more, automatically. 2. Likewise, the demands for insulin is more at the time of mid-afternoon (1-2 PM) and the night time (8-9 PM). At the rest of the tomes, the body needs less amount of insulin, to some extent. Hence, we have to give insulin 1-2 times from outside (in the form of injection), as per the needs of the body. Types of insulin depending upon the duration of action: 5 types are available. 1. Short acting Insulin: Its action (controlling the glucose level in the blood) lasts for only 6 hours in the body. It acts very speedily and it looks almost like water. 2. Intermediate or medium acting Insulin: Its action lasts for 12 hours in the body, after taking injection. It is sticky in appearance (like gruel). 3. 24 hour’s Insulin: Its action, controlling the glucose in the blood, lasts for 24 hours only. It is also sticky in nature, appears like gruel. 4. Pre mixed type (30/70 type): In this variety, both short acting and long acting insulin 30% of short acting and 70% of long acting insulin are mixed in a vial at the time of manufacture itself. That means 30% starts its action as soon as the insulin injection is taken by the patient and the blood sugar level is kept within normal range and its efficacy becomes less after a certain time. Then the 70% type starts its action and keeps the blood sugar level under control for 12 hours.( other types like 50-50 mixed and 70-30 mixed types are also available). 5. Analogue types: Changes are made in insulin by different methods, to suit the body needs of the patient. In these types the chances of occurring ‘’ hypoglycemia’’ (low glucose levels in the blood) and its effects on the bodily organs, is less. Insulin Dose: Depending upon the glucose levels in the blood, the patient is given either short acting (when blood sugar levels are high) or long acting insulin injections (when the blood sugar level is less). For those estimations blood sugar tests are to be done whenever necessary. … [Read more...]
When to take Insulin?
Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most common lifestyle disease affecting millions of people all over the world. Luckily, mankind has got the wonder drug “Insulin” in their hands to protect themselves from that ailment. Now the diabetic patients can lead normal life safely and happily. But many patients have many misconceptions about insulin. So, detailed information about insulin is given below, to remove those wrong notions. The pancreatic gland in our body is constantly producing the hormone “insulin’, depending upon the demands of the body at various timings during the day. If the production of insulin is less or its efficacy of action is imperfect, the person develops diabetes. The Mechanism of Insulin production in the body: The food taken by us is digested and converts into glucose and enters the blood stream. Every cell in the body utilizes the glucose as energy for its normal function. But for the utilization of glucose by the cells, sufficient insulin should be present in the body. One way insulin acts as a “key’’. So first of all, Insulin should open the door of the cell and then glucose enters the cell. Otherwise glucose goes on accumulating in the blood and diabetes occurs in the body. So insulin plays a key role. Discovery of Insulin: Insulin was first discovered in the year 1920 by two scientists, Banting and Best, from the pancreatic gland of the dog. Later on insulin is prepared pig’s pancreatic gland and was used in the humans. But some persons raised objection to use insulin prepared from the pigs. Afterwards, insulin was prepared from the beef (buffaloes) and was in use up to 1980. But it was giving lot of troubles to the patients. Thereafter human insulin came into existence. It was prepared by keeping the human ‘DNA’ in the Ecolab bacteria. The insulin thus produced is almost like human insulin in all aspects. Later on human insulin has been produced by keeping the human DNA in the fungi, grown on the bread pieces. Presently this type of insulin is in use and is considered as the boon to the diabetic patients. Indications for Insuln use: Insulin is best being given to the following type of diabetic patients, through out their life. 1. Patients above the age of 70 years. 2. Patients suffering from diabetes for more tan 10 years. 3. If blood sugar level is more than250mg/100ml of blood on the empty stomach (without taking any thing), before breakfast. 4. If more than 500 mg level at any time during the day. 5. HbA1c (Glycosylated hemoglobin) is done once in 3months and if it is more than 10. (For these type of patients insulin has to given for 3months, afterwards oral medication is sufficient). 6. Triglyceride levels are more than 600 mg/1ooml of blood. (It is enough if insulin is given for 3months). 7. If micro albumin in urine is more than 20 mg. 8. Diabetic patients having heart problems, found in ECG testing. 9. Chest infections diagnosed on x-ray. 10. Finding retinal changes (retinopathy) in the eyes. 11. Any other serious diseases present in the body. Note: Type-1 Diabetic patients (juvenile variety) have to take insulin through out their life. If pregnant women develop diabetes, they have to take insulin until the completion of delivery. Insulin saved millions of lives in the past 80 years. Insulin is really a wonder drug. … [Read more...]
